The “Compliance Equals Security” Trap

by Dan Strom on December 20, 2011

I was recently engaged to help remediate some exposures found during the preparation for PCI DSS compliance reporting. They had run an external vulnerability scan with Nessus so that they could find exposures and fix them before the “official” scan was run.

Several vulnerabilities were found that would have caused the organization to fail their external vulnerability scan. Many of the vulnerabilities were due to an open port on the server. Several cross-site scripting vulnerabilities were found. Sample code from one of the installed applications was publicly accessible.

As we were working through these issues, a common theme came up.

How do we fix Issue X so that we pass the scan?

Now think about that a minute… Approaching the vulnerabilities with this attitude is kind of like fixing a flat tire with Fix-A-Flat. It may work, but you should still have the tire looked at by a professional.

Here’s a specific example from the vulnerability scan. Port 8080 was publicly available on the web server. Several vulnerabilities were found on 8080. It was suggested that we just block 8080 at the firewall. Sure that would work to keep the problems from being found in the external vulnerability scan. But is that the right fix? No.

The right fix was to harden the server by shutting down any unneeded services and to block an unneeded ports on the firewall and uninstall the sample code from the server and institute change control on servers and firewalls and ……

My final recommendation? Take steps to think beyond compliance requirements. Checkboxes and automated scans are helpful, but nothing replaces good analysis and testing. Meeting compliance requirements is a good starting point, but don’t omit really knowing the risks your organization faces.

- Dan

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Reflections on NS2011 – Part 3

by Dan Strom on October 10, 2011

In addition to taking the GSE lab exam at Network Security 2011, I also enrolled to take the Web Application Penetration Testing and Ethical Hacking course. It was a 6 day course taught by Kevin Johnson. Some portions were taught by Justin Searle. They are both great instructors.

My overall impression of the 6 days of this course is very positive. Kevin is an engaging instructor, who uses real-world examples to drive home important points. Like the rest of us, he sometimes veers off on tangents. I found these tangents entertaining!

What’s the most significant thing I learned from taking this course? First off, I came away with an awareness of some of the things that I still do not know. Second, I have a much better understanding of what good practice is when developing a web application. Third, I now know enough to be dangerous with testing, and I need to actually start using what I’ve learned.

Ok, so that was 3 things that I learned!

Here is a brief overview of what the course covered:

  • The course starts at the beginning with a review of some basic web application and penetrating testing concepts.
  • The next day walks through gathering information about the organization and application (recon and mapping).
  • The third day covers discovering vulnerabilities and weaknesses in the application (server-side discovery).
  • Day 4 addresses vulnerabilities and weaknesses in the client-side piece of the application.
  • Day 5 is where exploitation of the previously discovered vulnerabilities is taught.
  • Finally, Day 6 is the culmination of the learning with a Capture The Flag exercise. This was done in an isolated network environment where we had to discover and exploit vulnerabilities in some common web applications. The goal was to find certain specific pieces of information – the “Flags”.

I highly recommend this course for anyone needing a better understanding of web applications and how to find vulnerabilities in them. Much of the class is spent learning how to use automated tools such as proxies, scripting, and injection/cross-site attacks. it is very hands-on.

Beyond just the technical aspects of the course, there are always people who enhance the learning. I found the folks sitting around me to be valuable contributors to my learning. Asking questions and working together to find answers is very beneficial. Thanks Kevin, Tim, Justin, Brian, Patrick, Craig, Richard and others.

Go to the conference. Take the class. You will enjoy it.

- Dan

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Reflections on NS2011 – Part 2

by Dan Strom on October 7, 2011

Taking the GSE

One of the primary reasons that I went to Las Vegas for NS2011 was to take the GIAC GSE hands-on lab exam. A huge motivation for me is that I hold several certifications, all of which need to be re-certified every 4 years. Holding the GSE would mean only having to re-certify one.

As of the time of writing this entry, I do not know whether I passed or not. If not, then I am hoping to be in Orlando in spring of 2012 to do a re-take.

Earning the GSE requires both a written exam and a hands-on lab exam. I passed the written exam in late summer. That qualified me to sit for the lab exam.

———–

There were 11 of us who took the lab exam. It was quite a mix of folks. My brother and I both sat for the exam. Most of us were from the U.S., but there was also representation from Egypt, Australia and New Zealand. I really believe the most enjoyable part was getting to know some of the other test-takers.

I really cannot share much about the lab exam itself. We were required to agree not to share details. The GIAC GSE webpage does give a pretty decent high-level listing of what you need to know and be able to practice.

How did I feel about the exam? It was tough. I choked on some things that should have been very simple. My time management was terrible. The most difficult part was not knowing exactly what we would be expected to demonstrate.

Yep. I’ll do it again if I didn’t pass. It’s worth the work of preparation and the stress of taking the exam.

- Dan

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Reflections on NS2011 – part 1

by Dan Strom on September 27, 2011

The Travel and Town

I had the opportunity to attend SANS Network Security 2011 in Las Vegas from September 17-25. I attempted the GSE Lab exam the first two days, and then attended SEC542: Web Application Penetration Testing and Ethical Hacking.

The flight to LV was pretty uneventful. As we flew across the western plains, these circles were plentiful across the ground. These are crop circles from aliens, but rather from irrigation pivots. This area has been suffering from drought, but irrigation helps as an equalizer. When we flew across Arizona, we could see the Grand Canyon out the window. Here is a picture of some irrigation circles…

 

Irrigation Circles

 

This was the first time that I had actually stayed in Las Vegas. I’ve driven through before, but never felt a need to stay. After being there for several days, there is no strong desire to make this a regular visit.

The conference was being held at Caesar’s Palace, but by the time I called to make a room reservation, there were no rooms available for the first two nights. So, I stayed across the street at Bally’s. Just like most hotels in Las Vegas, a casino is a part of the experience. No, I didn’t lose any money in the slot machines!

 

IMG 0017

 

The cost of food at the hotel/casino restaurants was more than I really wanted to spend and generally of a style different that want I care for. So, if I was not going to starve, I needed to find someplace else to eat. Using a great variety of apps on my iPhone, I searched and finally found what I was looking for (quite like U2, I suppose) down the street.

The walk down The Strip after dark is an experience. It was packed with people! Some were down-and-out. Others were trying to give the impression of a High-Roller. Most had adequate clothing on. Others looked like they were in a “Who Can Dress The Sluttiest” contest. Some were speaking English. Many were not. Most times the sidewalk was packed shoulder-to-shoulder with people.

I took the time to walk around Caesar’s Palace where NS2011 was being held. It is an opulent place.  Here’s a picture of the sports betting area…

 

IMG 0018

 

One end of Caesar’s Palace featured the Forum Shops. It is basically an up-scale shopping mall. As you would expect, there is a Roman theme to everything. This fountain was in the middle of an intersection…

 

IMG 0019

When it came time to make the journey home, I was ready. There is a bus that shuttles visitors between the hotel/casino and the airport. The pickup time at the hotel was about 2 1/2 hours before my scheduled departure time so it seemed there would be plenty of time to make the flight.

So, you can imagine my surprise when we arrived at the airport and came upon one of the longest lines I have ever seen… I was even more surprised at how fast the line moved!

In the end, the trip back was uneventful. As John Denver said many years ago, “It’s good to be back home again. Sometimes this old house feels like a long lost friend.”

 

Check back in a couple of days for Part 2.

- Dan Strom

 

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What I’ve Been Reading – Sept 4, 2011

by Dan Strom on September 4, 2011

Some days are more interesting than others.

Monday, August 29, 2011

Interestingly, I found nothing of real interest on the Internet today! Let’s see if Tuesday is any better…

Tuesday, August 30, 2011

More research on global warming. I doubt Al Gore supports it. – Sun Causes Climate Change Shock

According to Al Gore, climate change skeptics are racist. That’s an interesting leap of logic. – Perry Vs. Gore

Wednesday, August 31, 2011

Leaders should be willing to communicate, even when it is not required. This looks like a lesson that Cook has learned from Jobs. – Like Steve Jobs, Apple CEO Tim Cook Also Responds to His Email

APOD – Roll Cloud Over Wisconsin – We had one of these pass through Manhattan a year ago. My youngest son took a picture of it. View it here.

Determining the root cause can be difficult. Read this – How to perform a root cause analysis?

Thursday, September 1, 2011

This looks like Keynesian economics to me – Non Sequitur for 9/1/11

The best quote from this article, “The way children are grouped, which now occurs by their “date of manufacture,” no longer makes sense.” – Schools need help in raising today’s children, says education advocate

Pretty cool pictures of lightning here

Small businesses have a problem. They often have no money to implement appropriate security controls. They should read this tweet from Russell Eubanks

Friday, September 2, 2011

I’ve always wondered about the Magic Eraser. Now I know… – How do magic erasers get rid of stains?

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